The Urgency of Human Security in Protecting the Rights of Migrant Workers: Case Study Indonesian Migrant Workers In Malaysia And Hong Kong

Abstract

It has become undeniable phenomenon that the demand of migrant workers has arises in this globalization era. Better condition of working has triggered people movement to get better job and salary outside their countries. One of the major sending and receiving region of migrant workers is Southeast Asia. Two main destinations of Indonesian migrant workers are Hong Kong and Malaysia. It is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore that Indonesian migrant workers often face human rights abuses when they are working abroad, for instance, retained legal document, exceeded working hours, human trafficking resulted in physical violence. In Malaysia, Indonesian migrant workers mostly become the victims of human trafficking, physical abuse and excessive working hour. Meanwhile in Hong Kong, the violation of the rights of migrant workers are the excessive of working hours as well as physical violence. This paper argue that Malaysia and Hong Kong are two main countries which has shown significant differences in addressing human rights violations. This paper seeks to remedy those problems by comparing policy in both countries related to human rights abuses. This paper uses Human Security concept as the conceptual framework followed by its two approaches type, for instance, Economic Security and Personal Security. At the end, this paper conclude that Hong Kong has implemented better law enforcement than Malaysia.