International Journal of Engineering Business

and Social Science

Vol. 1 No. 04, April 2023, pages: 290-294

e-ISSN: 2980-4108, p-ISSN: 2980-4272

https://ijebss.ph/index.php/ijebss

290

1. Introduction

A canned pineapple is a product that is made from fresh pineapple (Ananas Comosus) which is canned in a

sugar solution, with or without other permitted food additives (SNI-01-4316-1996). Canned pineapple has great

potential to be produced as an export product because pineapple is one of the most popular tropical fruits in the world,

including Indonesia. According to the Ministry of Agriculture (2017), there was an increase in Indonesian pineapple

exports, especially from Lampung Province, reaching 1,810,748 kg in 2017, and 1,347,732 kg in the first quarter of

2017, with export destinations including Japan, Germany, Korea, and Italy. According to BPS (2018), national

pineapple production reached 1,795,982 tons with a harvest productivity of 20,785 tons/ha in 2017. In 2021, Indonesia

produced 2,886,417 tons of pineapple, making it one of the world's leading pineapple producers (BPS 2021). The

highest production is in Lampung Province, in total of 705,883 tons in 2021 (BPS 2021).

According to the GGP Report (2020), 9.1-9.4 million cans of Indonesian pineapple were exported to more

than 60 countries, with three marketing regions: America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Middle East. The production

process of canned pineapple involves various stages, such as cultivation, harvesting, transportation, and processing,

which can result in greenhouse gas emissions, acidification, and eutrophication potential (Cerutti, Bruun, Beccaro, &

A Systematic Literature Review of Environmental Impacts of

Canned Pineapple Production

Siti Yultria Fomico Sachie

Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, IPB University, Indonesia.

E-mail: sitiyultria@apps.ipb.ac.id

Keywords

systematic literature;

environmental impacts;

canned pineapple;

Abstract

A systematic literature review was conducted to assess the current state of

knowledge on the environmental impacts of canned pineapple production. The

review included studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000

and 2022, and focused on the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions,

acidification, and eutrophication potential associated with the production of

canned pineapple. The results of the review suggest that canned pineapple

production has significant environmental impacts, particularly in terms of

greenhouse gas emissions, which are mainly associated with energy use and

transportation. However, the review also identified several strategies that can

be implemented to reduce the environmental impacts of canned pineapple

production, such as using renewable energy sources and optimizing

transportation routes. The review concludes that further research is needed to

fully understand the environmental impacts of canned pineapple production

and to develop effective strategies for reducing these impacts.

for possible open access publication

under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY SA)

license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).

291 e-ISSN: 2980-4108 p-ISSN: 2980-4272 IJEBSS

IJEBSS Vol. 1 No. 04, April 2023, pages: 290-294

Bounous, 2011). Therefore, it is essential to understand the environmental impacts of canned pineapple production and

develop effective strategies to mitigate them (Cervo, Llido, Barrios, & Panlasigui, 2014).

This systematic literature review aims to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on the

environmental impacts of canned pineapple production. The review focuses on studies published in peer-reviewed

journals between 2000 and 2022 and assesses the greenhouse gas emissions, acidification, and eutrophication potential

associated with the production of canned pineapple (Usubharatana & Phungrassami, 2017).

The review identifies several strategies that can be implemented to reduce the environmental impacts of

canned pineapple production, such as using renewable energy sources and optimizing transportation routes. However,

further research is needed to fully understand the environmental impacts of canned pineapple production and develop

effective strategies for reducing these impacts (Ingwersen, 2012). Overall, this review provides valuable insights into

the environmental impacts of canned pineapple production and highlights the need for sustainable practices in the food

industry (Biswas & Nishat, 2019).

2. Materials and Methods

Systematic Literature Review

A systematic literature review (SLR) was employed to analyze and present the current state-of-the-art

consideration. The SLR involves several main steps, including defining the research question(s), identifying relevant

keywords and search strings, setting constraints such as databases, search period, language, and type of literature, and

excluding articles by title, abstract, and full paper. Finally, the analysis of meta-data was conducted. The entire process

of the SLR, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).

PRISMA Guidelines for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement

provides a comprehensive guideline for conducting and reporting systematic reviews. It includes a 27-item checklist

that covers the introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections of a systematic literature review (SLR). The

SLR carried out in this study adhered to the PRISMA 2020 Statement.

Snowball Approach

The snowballing approach is a useful method for identifying relevant articles within SLRs. It can be

categorized into two types: forward and backward snowballing. Both methods use cited references to identify new

papers. Forward snowballing identifies papers that reference articles already included in the final sample, while

backward snowballing examines the references of papers in the final sample to add more relevant articles.

Final Sample Identification Process

To answer the research questions, this study defined keywords such as LCA, canned-pineapple, global

warming potential, acidification, LCA in Indonesia, canned-pineapple LCA in Indonesia, pineapple production,

product environmental footprint, eutrofication, and carbon footprint to conduct the SLR. The final sample was

identified based on these keywords.

3. Results and Discussions

Canned pineapple is a popular food product that is consumed worldwide. However, the production of canned

pineapple has been found to have significant environmental impacts. In recent years, there has been growing interest

in assessing the environmental impacts of canned pineapple production using life cycle assessment (LCA). LCA is a

widely used methodology that allows for the comprehensive evaluation of environmental impacts associated with the

entire life cycle of a product, from raw material extraction to end-of-life disposal (Sukruansuwan & Napathorn, 2018).

This review focused on the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions, acidification, and eutrophication potential

associated with the production of canned pineapple, as these are commonly used indicators of environmental impacts

in LCA studies. The results of the review will help to identify the main sources of environmental impacts in canned

pineapple production and highlight potential strategies for reducing these impacts (Banerjee, Ranganathan, Patti, &

Arora, 2018).

Table 1.

IJEBSS e-ISSN: 2980-4108 p-ISSN: 2980-4272 292

IJEBSS Vol. 1 No. 04, April 2023, pages: 290-294

Source

Object of

research

Scope

Impact

Results and

Recommendations

de Ramos &

Taboada, (2018)

Fresh and

processed

pineapple

(canned

pineapple, juice,

dried

preparations, etc.)

Cradle-to-gate

(land preparation to

processed

production process)

Energy usenon-

renewable, global

warming (GWP),

carbon footprint

analysis,

acidification, and

ozone formation

Reducing the use of diesel

fuel, upgrading canning

machines, regulating the

use of fertilizers and

pesticides, and conducting

waste management

(Castillo-

González,

Giraldi-Díaz, De

Medina-Salas, &

Velásquez-De la

Cruz, 2020)

Fresh and

processed

pineapple (fresh-

packed, dried

fruit, and canned)

Cradle-to-gate

(agricultural

andindustrial stage)

Carbon footprint,

water footprint,

energy footprint

Innovating the use of

primary energy, selecting

suppliers of raw materials

(Usubharatana &

Phungrassami,

2017)

Fresh pineapple

and canned

pineapple

Cradle-to-farm gate

(fresh pineapple)

andCradle-to-

factory gate

(canned pineapple)

Carbon footprint

Using biomass as fuel

(using biogas from liquid

waste handling), recycling

cans, educating farmers to

use the right fertilizer

Rizky et

al.(2021)

(Salsabila,

Boonraksa,

Indriani, Sakina,

& Rahardyan,

2021)

PPE from

pineapple leaf

fiber

Cradle-to-gate

(taking pineapple

leaves to the paper

production process)

Carbon Footprint

The development of non-

woven materials made

from pineapple leaf fiber

can be continued

(Salsabila et al.,

2021)

Life cycle

environmental

impacts of fruit

consumptions in

the UK (4% fresh

and processed

pineapple)

Cradle to grave

(production process

on the plantation

until it is ready for

consumption by

consumers)

Impacts at product

level, PED, water

footprint, GW, FD,

MED, HT,

Eutrophication, IR,

MD,OD, POF

Canned packaging has

high PED, GWP, and MD.

Recommendations for

improvement by

increasing environmental

control onhotspot, an

appeal to consume local

fruit, reduce waste, and

decarbonize energy

Karlsoon dan

Roos (2021)

(Morfeldt et al.,

2023)

Plant-based

foods (including

pineapple)

90 products divided

into 5 food products

(including fruits)

Climate impact,

biodiversity impact,

water use, pesticide

use

This research provides a

way to use large amounts

of data of varying quality,

and reduces the

complexity of evaluating

environmental impacts

293 e-ISSN: 2980-4108 p-ISSN: 2980-4272 IJEBSS

IJEBSS Vol. 1 No. 04, April 2023, pages: 290-294

Andarani et

al.(2017)

Canned pineapple

Energy balance and

the benefits of

implementing a

clean canned

pineapple

production system

Cost savings from

the use of biogas and

sludge utilization

Disposing of organic

waste on a regular basis

resulting from the

screening process of the

biogas production process,

benefits in the utilization

of sludge and the use of

biogas

Agus setiawan

(2016)

Canned

Pineapple

energy

consumption from

steam and

electricity to

produce

productscanned

pineapple andjuice

concentrate in each

department.

Energy demand

development

scenario

Savings on the use of

steam and electricity will

have implications for

saving coal fuel, because

steam and electricity are

generated from the coal

heating process that occurs

in the department.coal

generator.

Oret al. (2019)

Tamarind herbal

product

Cradle-to-grave

(raw materials to

consumers)

Climate change,

eutrophication,

Photochemical

oxidation

Utilization of solid waste

for organic fertilizer and

liquid waste as organic

liquid fertilizer, reuse(re-

use) waste water, and

community empowerment

Recanatiet

al.(2018)

Cupuacu

jam(fruit jam)

Cradle-to-grave

(handling of raw

materials until

distributed to retail)

6 dampak (AD, GW,

OD, POC, AC, EU)

Reducing the use of

fertilizer doses, developing

agro-ecosystems

Ahmad et al.

(2019)

Food production

and

manufacturing

industry

2010-2018

publication review

analysis (Cradle-to-

grave dan cradle-

to-factory)

Pay attention to

endpoint impact(end-

point) not just the

midpoint(mid-point),

Chaerul and

Allia (2019)

LCA Studies in

Indonesia

LCA Research

which is published

in national journals

(2010-2016)

There are 17 journals

dfrom bioenergy,

plantation, animal

husbandry,

aquaculture, waste

management, water

treatment and various

kinds of

manufactured

products

Improvement of research

quality

IJEBSS e-ISSN: 2980-4108 p-ISSN: 2980-4272 294

IJEBSS Vol. 1 No. 04, April 2023, pages: 290-294

4. Conclusion

Based on the literature review, it can be seen that the results of the life cycle assessment (LCA) analysis on

fresh and canned pineapple products have a significant impact on several impact categories. The trend of publications

in food production and manufacturing industries in recent years shows that cradle-to-grave and cradle-to-factory gate

are the most commonly used scopes of analysis compared to other scopes, where processed fruit-based products tend

to be analyzed cradle-to-grave. However, the dominant LCA scope used in canned pineapple production processes is

cradle-to-gate. Meanwhile, LCA publications conducted in Indonesia are still relatively limited with research quality

that needs to be improved. This provides an opportunity to conduct a cradle-to-gate LCA study on canned pineapple

to calculate 3 environmental impact categories (GWP, acidification, and eutrophication).

5. References

Banerjee, Shivali, Ranganathan, Vijayaraghavan, Patti, Antonio, & Arora, Amit. (2018). Valorisation of pineapple

wastes for food and therapeutic applications. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 82, 60–70.

Biswas, Pallabi, & Nishat, Sharlin Afrin. (2019). Production and Export Possibility of Canned Pineapple and Pineapple

Leaf Fiber in Bangladesh. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 21(9).

Castillo-González, Eduardo, Giraldi-Díaz, Mario Rafael, De Medina-Salas, Lorena, & Velásquez-De la Cruz, Raúl.

(2020). Environmental Impacts associated to different stages spanning from harvesting to industrialization of

pineapple through life cycle assessment. Applied Sciences, 10(19), 7007.

Cerutti, Alessandro K., Bruun, Sander, Beccaro, Gabriele L., & Bounous, Giancarlo. (2011). A review of studies

applying environmental impact assessment methods on fruit production systems. Journal of Environmental

Management, 92(10), 2277–2286.

Cervo, Mavil May C., Llido, Luisito O., Barrios, Erniel B., & Panlasigui, Leonora N. (2014). Effects of canned

pineapple consumption on nutritional status, immunomodulation, and physical health of selected school children.

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2014.

de Ramos, Rocky Marius Q., & Taboada, Evelyn B. (2018). Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Fresh and

Processed Pineapple in the Philippines. Nature Environment & Pollution Technology, 17(3).

Ingwersen, Wesley W. (2012). Life cycle assessment of fresh pineapple from Costa Rica. Journal of Cleaner

Production, 35, 152–163.

Morfeldt, Johannes, Larsson, Jörgen, Andersson, David, Johansson, Daniel, Rootzén, Johan, Hult, Cecilia, & Karlsson,

Ida. (2023). Consequences of adopting national consumption-based climate targets alongside the territorial

commitments under the Paris Agreement.

Salsabila, Putri Rizky, Boonraksa, Altair, Indriani, Innamia, Sakina, Sabrina Ilma, & Rahardyan, Benno. (2021).

Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Pineapple Leaf Fibres. ICON ARCCADE 2021: The 2nd International

Conference on Art, Craft, Culture and Design (ICON-ARCCADE 2021), 130–139. Atlantis Press.

Sukruansuwan, Vibhavee, & Napathorn, Suchada Chanprateep. (2018). Use of agro-industrial residue from the canned

pineapple industry for polyhydroxybutyrate production by Cupriavidus necator strain A-04. Biotechnology for

Biofuels, 11(1), 1–15.

Usubharatana, Phairat, & Phungrassami, Harnpon. (2017). Evaluation of Opportunities to Reduce the Carbon Footprint

of Fresh and Canned Pineapple Processing in Central Thailand. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 26(4).