International Journal of Engineering Business

and Social Science

Vol. 01 No. 01, October 2022, pages: 01-09

e-ISSN: 2980-4108, p-ISSN: 2980-4272

https://ijebss.ph/index.php/ijebss

1

Systematic Literature Review: Virtual Tour 360 Degree

Panorama

Ilham Afan Gafar

1

, Zaenul Arif

2

, Syefudin

3

1,2,3

Teknik Informatika, STMIK Tegal University

E-mail: ilhamafangr@gmail.com, zendhunter@gmail.com, syefudin5@gmail.com

Submitted: 12-09-2022, revised: 20-09-2022, publication: 01-10-2022

Keywords

Abstract

Virtual Reality;

360- Degree

Panoramic

Virtual Tour;

Systematic

Literature

Review

The application of VR as a medium to promote a place, be it tourist attractions, education,

tourism or health, has become a common thing in the current era. 360-degree panoramic virtual

tour itself is one method in making Virtual Reality. A 360-degree panoramic virtual tour is a

collection of 360-degree images which are then processed so that they can be enjoyed virtually

as if they were real. The goal to be achieved in this paper is to analyze a 360-degree panoramic

virtual tour as a medium to promote a place, by conducting in-depth reviews and evaluating

searches through selected literature based on certain criteria and the selected studies will be

processed to answer research questions. Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is a research

method that aims to identify and evaluate research results with the best technique based on

specific procedures from comparison results. The results of the research on the selection of

journal topics, Tourism, Education, and Health can be the main reference regarding the 360-

degree panoramic virtual tour and there are various methods that can be used starting from

MDLC, Luther Sutopo, Image Method, IMSDD, Qualitative.

1. Introduction

Good technology is what can help and make a job easier. A form of technology utilization, one of which is in

the field of multimedia which is currently widely used as a medium for conveying information, simulation media and

also advertising. The multimedia technology that is developing today makes the delivery of information more

interactive and effective because it can reach the human senses (Anggara & Zamroni, 2021). Virtual Tour is a

technology that places the user in the image and allows the user to increase situational awareness as well as

significantly increase the power of seeing, capturing, and analyzing virtual data (Baura et al., 2018). Panorama 360 is

the result of processing digital photos in the form of panoramic photos. The panoramic photo is then processed to be

used as software that can look up, and down, rotate or zoom. This photo uses advanced information technology so

that it can make users see it as if they are where they are looking (Nulhakim & Hidayat, 2019).

In the application of virtual tours, there are several examples of media that are often used, namely: 360-degree

video, and 360-degree multi-image panorama. In a 360-degree video, the user who uses it is just looking at and

feeling the surroundings without being able to control what is displayed. While in the 360-degree multi-image

panorama, the user gets full control in the digital simulation. In 360-degree panoramic operation. A virtual

tour, it is

divided into two ways, namely by accessing it through a website or with virtual reality tools (Nulhakim

& Hidayat,

2019). Virtual tours themselves are usually used to give you the experience of 'having been' somewhere just by

looking at the monitor screen. (Ngongoloy et al., 2018).

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Virtual reality has been widely used in various fields according to its function, such as in making a virtual tour for

promotional media where contains all information about the object or place that the user wants to visit. Some places

that are suitable for using virtual tours are museums, tourism areas, schools, colleges, historical places, city parks,

captive breeding areas, hotels, and others. In the field of virtual tourism, a virtual tour can help distribute a building

or tourist attraction to the client by displaying the situation of a place to be marketed. Meanwhile, in the academic

field, virtual tours can introduce plans from an educational institution to make it easier for visitors to find out the

location of the buildings and buildings they will go to (Ramadan dkk, 2018)(Syani & Rahman, 2017)(Nulhakim &

Hidayat, 2019)

Thus the goal to be achieved is the importance of the role of the 360 Degree Panorama Virtual Tour as a

medium to promote a place. By conducting an in-depth review and evaluating the search through the selected

literature, the selected subjects will be processed to answer research questions. So it is hoped that it can prove the

influence of the 360 Degree Panorama Virtual Tour can be used as the most powerful medium and indicator to

become a means of promoting a place. In this study, the paper search method was carried out using spontaneous

techniques of certain keywords using google scholer which is still popular for the last 5 years. This research only

limits it to papers from journals that will then be studied to produce the latest research related to the 360 Degree

Panorama Virtual Tour.

2. Materials and Methods

Systematic Literature Review

Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is a research method that aims to identify and evaluate research results with the

best techniques based on specific procedures from the results of the comparison . In this study, the steps used

followed the rules of the study as well as adopted the procedures of the research .(Ultimate & Rochimah,

2019)(Wahono, 2015). Systematic Literature Review is processed in three steps, namely: planning, implementing,

and reporting literature reviews.

Figure 1. SLR steps(Kitchenham et al., 2009)

Research Questions

The Research Question (RQ) is the first identification in the SLR method. RQ has the goal of conducting search

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techniques and researching in-depth literature automatically by being oriented towards the object of the goal. To

design a good RQ, PICOC shorting is used. (Kitchenham et al., 2009)

Table 1 presents a summary for the RQ of the PICOC. Table 2 presents research questions that aim to discuss further

related to this study.

Table1. PICOC summary

Population

Virtual reality, Virtual Tour

Intervention

Virtual Tour Panorama

Comparison

-

Outcomes

Fields that include virtual tours

specifically

Context

Special studies related to virtual

tours

Table2. Research Questions and Objectives

ID

Research

Questions

Purpose

RQ1

What research

topics are widely

used in 360-

degree panoramic

Identify topics

that publish a lot

of 360-degree

virtual tour

research?

panoramic

virtual tours

RQ2

What objects are

widely used in

virutal research of

360-degree

panoramic tours?

Identifying

objects widely

used in a 360-

degree

panoramic

virtual tour

journal

RQ3

What methods are

widely used in

360-degree

panoramic virtual

tour research?

Identifying

methods that are

widely used in a

360-degree

panoramic

virtual tour

Search Strategy

Library review has certain parts of the search process, namely having to determine the digital library, choosing

certain keywords, applying predetermined keywords, correcting keywords and collecting some literature from the

digital library. Before starting the search, the initial stage that must be done is to determine or select the appropriate

database to find the relevant paper. The database of the digital library used is Google Scholar.

Thechoice of searching using certain keywords is carried out in several steps as follows:

1.

Identify searches based on keywords by using PICOC summaries especially on Population and Intervention.

2.

Identify searches using research questions.

3.

Identify keyword searches using abstracts and aligned keywords and titles.

4.

Identify word equations, opposites, and word switching based on search keywords.

5.

Use keywords as an advanced search by applying Boolean AND and OR.(Wahono, 2015)

Keywords used for searching:

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(Virtual Reality OR VR*) AND (Virtual Tour Panorama OR Virtual Tour*) AND (Virtual Panorama*)

Study Selection

Using inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria with the aim of obtaining primary literature which will then be

reviewed. Table 3 presents a summary of the criteria to be studied.

Table 3. Criteria Summary

Inclusion

Criteria

Studies included in Multimedia

Preferred in Indonesian

Exclusion

Criteria

Studies do not use validation

Studies without the use of full text

Figure 2 shows the flowchart of search results and study selection after study.

Figure 2. Results of Search and Study Selection

3. Results and Discussions

Literature Evaluation

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After the literature selection stage is carried out based on the journals that are most active in publishing papers

related to the 360-degree virtual tour panorama with the best quality, the next stage is to evaluate the literature based

on characteristics through methods and make comparisons of topics that most publish journals related to virtual tour

panorama 360. At this stage, 10 final papers were obtained that met the requirements of the inclusion and exclusion

criteria.

Table 4. List of Selected Literature Papers and Topic Comparisons

No

Reference

Heading

Topic

Method

Result

1

Badzlina K.

Lasabuda,

Dringhuzen J.

Mamahit,

Brave A.

Sugiarso

Virtual Tour

Introduction to

Labuan Uki Bay in

Bolaang

Mongondow

Regency

Tourism

MDLC

The following

conclusions were

obtained To take

panoramic photos using

the Canon M3 DLSR

camera wide angle lens

(2019)

with ordinary

photo

(Lasabuda

techniques.

and to the.,

2019)

2

Ramadan et al

(2018)

Virtual Tour Video

360 as a

Tourism

Luther

Sutopo

Introduce objects tourism

in Pangandaran

(Ramadan

dkk, 2018)

Promotional

Media for Tourism

Objects in

Regency with Virtual

Reality as a promotional

medium.

Pangandaran

Regency

3

Baura, Erin

Ariandis

Virtual Tour 360

Degree Panorama

Tourism

Luther

Sutopo

The development of a

Virtual Tour on HTML

Tulenan,

Of Tobelo City

makes it easier for Users

Virginia

Tourist

to get information on

Najoan, Xavier

Attractions

Tobelo City Tourist

B N (2018)

Attractions presented in

(Baura and to

the., 2018)

the form of a 360

panorama

4

Says, Dio

Design and Build a

Tourism

MDLC

The website-based

Safriadi, New

Virtual Tour

virtual tour application

Sukamto, Anggi

Application for

was successfully built and

Srimurdianti

Recreation and

can provide information

(2019) (Dio

and to the.,

2019)

Family

Entertainment

Locations in

Pontianak

to the public about

recreational locations and

family entertainment

in Pontianak City.

5

Rani, S F

Vanessa, V

360° Virtual Tour

Application as a

Tourism

Qualitative

This 360° Virtual Tour will

make it easier

Rhapsodio, S Y

Medium for

travelers for

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(2021) (Rani

and to the.,

2021)

Introducing

Cupunagara Coffee

Educational

Tourism Village,

visit the educational

tourism village of Kopi

Cu- punagara, Subang so

that tourists can still visit

Subang

the village for tours even

though virtually

6

Syani, Mamay

Virtual Tour

Education

MDLC

By implementing

Rahman, Fadli

Interactive

information in the form of

(2017) (Syani

& Rahman,

2017)

Panorama 360°

Web-Based At

Polytechnic TEDC

Bandung Case

360° panoramic images, it

makes it easier for users to

receive and

understand what they

Study Program

want to convey.

Informatics

Engineering

7

Anggara, Yogi

Zamroni,

Virtual Reality

Tour Using the

Education

Image

Method

A Virtual Reality Tour

system has been

Guntur

360° Panorama

developed using the 360°

Maulana

Image Method as a

Panorama Image Method

(2021)

Medium of

as a Medium for

(Anggara &

Zamroni,

2021)

Information and

Introduction to the

Lecture Building

campus 4,

Information and

Introduction to the UAD

Campus 4

Lecture

Building, which provides

Universitas Ahmad

a real visualization of the

Dahlan

UAD campus 4 lecture

building so that it can

help new students and

the general public to get

to know the UAD campus

4 lecture building better.

8

Nulhakim,

Virtual Tour

Education

Luther

Based on the research

Ridwan

Introduction to

Sutopo

that has been done, it can

Hidayat, Eka

Siliwangi

be concluded that

Wahyu (2019)

University Area

introducing

(Nulhakim -

Hidayat,

2019)

With Multi Image

Panorama 360º

Web-Based

Siliwangi University

campus with digital

simulation can be done with

Virtual Tour. Virtual

9

Adityo, The

Making a Virtual

Education

Image

The virtual tour website

Great (2017)

Reality Tour with

Method

uses 360 panoramic

(Adityo,

2017)

Panoramic Image

Method for the

Campus of the

images as its main

material taken through

dozens of images to

Faculty of

produce image quality in

Engineering,

accordance with the

Hasanuddin

standards of the

University

photography industry.

10

Yurida, Harsi

only

Virtual Tour

Application in the

Health

IMSDD

The Virtual Tour

application that was built

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Sukamto, Anggi

Service Room of

has been successfully

Srimurdianti

Rsud Dr. Soedarso

created and can provide

Muhardi, Hafiz

Pontianak

information about the

(2018)

location of the room at

(Yurida and to

the., 2018)

the hospital. Dr. Soedarso

through the available

plans.

11

Manabung,

Virtual Tour Photo

Health

IMSDD

Virtual Tour Application

Suzanna Edith

360° Central

360° Photo of RSUP Prof.

Tulenan,

General Hospital

Dr. R. D.

Virginia

Prof. Dr. R. D.

Kandou Manado as an

Rindengan,

Kandou Manado

environmental

Yaulie Deo Y.

recognition medium has

(2019)

been successfully created

(Manabung

and to the.,

2019)

using the Interactive

Multimedia System of

Design and Development

(IMSDD) method and can

display 360° photos along

with room information.

Influential Title Object

Based on the selected main journals, the most active title objects that publish papers related to the 360- degree

virtual tour panorama are about Tourism as many as 488 articles, Education as many as 463 articles, Health as many

as 307 articles. Figure 3.1 presents statistics on the distribution of publications of articles from selected literature

Figure 3. Distribution of Paper Title Objects from Selected Literature

Comparison of Influential Methods

Based on a comparison of selected literature, figure 3.2 shows that most of the methods on the 360- degree

panoramic virtual tour are dominated by MDLC and Luther Sutopo followed by the Image Method and IMSDD, to the

Qualitative Method.

Figure 4. Method Comparison

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

Pariwisata Pendidikan Kesehatan

Jumlah Objek Judul

9

%

18

%

28

%

18

%

27

%

MDL

C

Luther

Sutopo

Metode Gambar

IMSDD

Kualitatif

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4. Conclusion

After conducting research, it can be concluded that: a 360-degree panoramic virtual tour is still widely used in

the 2017-2021 time span. Based on the selection of literature on journal topics, Tourism, Education, and Health can be

the main reference related to a 360-degree virtual tour panorama, because the three journal topics are journals that can

be used as promotional media for a place. Methods that are often used are MDLC, Luther Sutopo, Image Method,

IMSDD, Qualitative. So that research and development of studies related to the 360- degree panorama virtual tour

study is still very necessary in the future.

5. References

Adityo, A. (2017). Making a Virtual Reality Tour with the Panoramic Image Method for the Campus of the Faculty

of Engineering, Hasanuddin University. Nusantara University PGRI Kediri, 01, 1–7.

Anggara, Y., & Zamroni, G. M. (2021). Virtual Reality Tour Using the 360° Panorama Image Method as a Medium of

Information and Introduction to the Lecture Building campus 4 of Ahmad Dahlan University. JSTIE (Journal

of Bachelor of Informatics Engineering) (E-Journal), 9(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.12928/jstie.v1i1.19045

Baura, E. A., Tulenan, V., Najoan, X. B. N., Informatics, T., Sam, U., & Manado, R. (2018). Virtual Tour Panorama

360 Degree Tobelo City Tourist Attractions. Journal of Informatics Engineering, 13(3).

Dio, D., Safriadi, N., & Sukamto, A. S. (2019). Design and Build a Virtual Tour Application for Family Recreation

and Entertainment Locations in Pontianak. Journal of Information Systems and Technology (JUSTIN), 7(1), 1.

https://doi.org/10.26418/justin.v7i1.27384

Kitchenham, B., Pearl Brereton, O., Budgen, D., Turner, M., Bailey, J., & Linkman, S. (2009). Systematic literature

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7–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2008.09.009

Lasabuda, B. K., Mamahit, D. J., Sugiarso, B. A., Elektro, T., Sam, U., Manado, R., & Bahu-unsrat, J. K. (2019).

Virtual Tour Introduction to Labuan Uki Bay in Bolaang Mongondow Regency. Journal of Informatics

Engineering, 14(1), 129–134.

Manabung, S. E., Tulenan, V., & Rindengan, Y. D. Y. (2019). Virtual Tour Photo 360° Central General Hospital

Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Virtual Tour Photo 360° Central General Hospital Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou

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Ngongoloy, B. R. S., Rindengan, Y. D. Y., & Sompie, S. R. U. A. (2018). Virtual Tour of Southeast Minahasa

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Ramadan et al. (2018). Virtual Tour Video 360 as a Promotional Media for Tourism Objects in Pangandaran

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Rani, S. F., Vanessa, V., Rhapsodio, S. Y., & ... (2021). 360° Virtual Tour Application as a Medium for Introduction

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Syani, M., & Rahman, F. (2017). Virtual Tour Interactive Panorama 360° Web-Based At Polytechnic TEDC

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