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Development
Strategy of Village-Owned Enterprises (Bumdes) in Pulau Tiga Village, Pulau Tiga Barat District, Natuna Regency Kamariah1*, Tjahjo Suprajogo2,
Made Yudhi Setiani3 Open University, Indonesia1*2 Institute of Domestic Government (IPDN), Indonesia3 E-mail: [email protected]1*,
[email protected]2, [email protected]3 Correspondence Author: Kamariah |
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Abstract |
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Strategy,
Development, Bumdes, Pulau Tiga
Village. |
This study aims to identify the development strategy of Village-Owned
Enterprises (Bumdes) in Pulau Tiga
Village, Natuna Regency, using a qualitative,
phenomenological approach. Key informants included village leaders, Bumdes administrators, community representatives, and
local officials. Data collection was conducted through observation,
interviews, and documentation, analyzed using source triangulation. The
findings indicate that Bumdes Karya Mda Mandiri�s strategy
implementation is generally positive but has not reached optimal potential.
Key observations include: (1) Organizational Strategy�vision, mission, and
goals are set by village officials and Bumdes
management without community input, with only three of eight planned programs
(clean water, squid cracker sales, and rentals) being implemented due to
budget limitations. (2) Program Strategy�existing programs provide income but
do not fully meet revenue targets. (3) Resource Support Strategy�challenges
include limited human resources, underutilized natural resources, and minimal
infrastructure. (4) Institutional Strategy�internal obstacles hinder further
development. The study recommends that the Pulau Tiga
village government and Bumdes administrators
enhance community outreach, improve administrator skills, and foster
collaborative decision-making processes to advance Bumdes
growth effectively. � 2023 by the
author. Filed for possible open access publication under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY SA) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) license. |
This
village is the smallest unit in the Unitary State Government System of the
Republic of Indonesia (Yulianto et al., 2021; Herlina,
2019). Currently, villages are required to create village independence through
various village-scale programs and activities and local wisdom (Putra &
Sari, 2020; Widodo, 2018). An independent village is a village that is able to
manage access to services, be able to manage the potential and assets of the
village to become a source of village income so that it can contribute to the
village, which can be used to carry out development, improve community welfare,
and create village independence (Nugraha & Permana, 2021; Wardhana, 2021).
Independent villages, individuals, and sovereign villages are currently an
important issue that has become the government's hopes and aspirations since
the birth of Law Number 6 of 2014 (Kurniawan, 2020). Through the Village Law,
it must be understood that the concept of an independent village must build a
construction of thinking that places the village as a subject of development
that must be given trust and authority to regulate itself with its capabilities
(Adisasmita, 2019; Budi & Susanto, 2022).
Villages must be seen as social entities as a whole that have certain
characteristics, namely social, economic, cultural, and ecological. Therefore,
many factors can affect the independence of a village, including the availability
of resources, both in the form of physical and non-physical resources (Aji,
2019; Maulana et al., 2020).
Another
key factor is the role of the village government and the participation of all
elements of society in organizing various programs and activities in the
village (Prasetyo, 2021; Rahman & Kadir, 2020).
Innovation and change, especially in today�s globalized and digitalized era,
are crucial to creating a sustainable, competitive, and self-reliant village
(Santoso & Purnomo, 2022; Lestari & Mahardika, 2021). Efforts to
realize village independence can be carried out through the Village Community
Empowerment program, namely through access to services and rural economic
development, long implemented through programs such as KUBE, fishermen's
groups, farmer groups (Gapktan), youth organizations,
and cooperatives (Gunawan, 2018; Firmansyah et al., 2020). However, one of the
village institutions that plays a crucial role, supported by a clear legal
basis in various government regulations, is Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) (Sutrisno & Haryono, 2022). BUMDes,
whose capital can come from village participation, are fully managed by the
community to oversee village assets and potentials to improve the village
economy (Sukma, 2021). Therefore, BUMDes are expected
to be the driving force of the village economy, managed through a structured,
planned, and sustainable program (Putri, 2020).
The
existence of BUMDes is absolutely necessary as a
strategic step to realize independence (Utomo & Anwar, 2019; Pramono et al., 2018). The aim is to make BUMDes an independent, productive economic institution that
can increase the village�s original income. To function effectively, the
development and management of BUMDes must involve all
stakeholders, ensuring optimal resource utilization for the welfare of the
community (Wardani, 2019; Santoso & Purnomo, 2022). Pulau Tiga Village, located in Pulau Tiga
Barat District, Natuna Regency, Riau Islands
Province, holds a strategic location as a gateway for goods and people entering
and exiting Pulau Tiga Barat (Sukarto
& Hidayat, 2021; Hadi, 2020). Located in a coastal area, the village has
potential in marine resources, plantations, livestock, and tourism. Since the
enactment of Law Number 6 of 2014 and village funds from the Central
Government, the village has been motivated to form BUMDes,
such as the Bumdes Pulau Tiga
formed in 2016 with businesses like coffee shops (Hendrawan,
2019).
However,
due to obstacles, management changes occurred, and a Decree of the Village Head
(SK) for Bumdes Management was not issued. In 2018,
the Pulau Tiga Village Government formed the BUMDes "Karya Muda Mandiri"
on July 8, 2018, based on Pulau Tiga Village
Regulation Number 7 of 2018 and supported by a capital loan of Rp 1,000,000 to
start a coffee shop (Agustina & Setiawan, 2022). After initial success, the
village government provided an additional Rp 75,000,000 in accordance with
Village Regulation Number 8 of 2018. Despite this, between 2018 and 2020, the BUMDes failed to impact the economy significantly, causing
community dissatisfaction (Rahman et al., 2020). Although BUMDes
was reformed in 2018, it was only in 2020 that its presence became widely known
in the village. In this time, community complaints grew due to mismanagement of
finances, limited transparency, and the failure of initiatives (Prasetyo et al., 2021; Latifah, 2018). Internal audits
revealed significant financial mismanagement, losses, and unauthorized loans,
despite BUMDes not being designated as a savings and
loan entity (Fitri & Syarif,
2020; Harahap, 2019).
In
early 2021, the Village Government revitalized BUMDes
by recruiting new administrators, directly selecting them in village
deliberations, and handing over village assets, such as reservoirs (for clean
water), kiosks, and tents, for management by BUMDes (Nugraha & Permana, 2021;
Firmansyah et al., 2020). BUMDes expanded to include
a trading business unit, kiosk rental, tent rental, and a water unit. Yet,
challenges remain, with some residents unaware of BUMDes�
purpose, and issues in financial and operational efficiency (Wardani, 2019;
Santoso & Purnomo, 2022).
The
main phenomenon in the development of Bumdes Karya Muda Mandiri in Pulau Tiga
Village includes several aspects. First, the existence, goals and programs of
bumdes have not been understood by some people due to lack of socialization.
Second, the programs and types of businesses that are run are not optimal,
especially related to the management of water business units. Third, the
utilization of organizational support resources, including human resources,
natural resources, infrastructure and infrastructure, finance, and technology,
has not been maximized. Fourth, community participation and stakeholder
involvement in supporting the management of Bumdes is still low, so the
development of Bumdes tends to be less effective.
Based on the problems that have been
explained, the author is interested in researching "Development Strategy
of Village-Owned Enterprises (Bumdes) in Pulau Tiga Village, Pulau Tiga Barat
District, Natuna Regency." The management and development of Bumdes aims
to increase community
income and Village PAD ,
but obstacles such as lack of socialization, lack of community participation,
and lack of resource utilization hinder development. This study aims to examine
the development strategy of BUMDes, identify inhibiting
factors, and provide recommendations to optimize BUMDes.
The results of the research are expected to make theoretical and practical
contributions to village governments, BUMDes, and
communities related to village development.
2 Materials
and Methods
This
study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach to examine the
development strategy of BUMDes in Pulau Tiga Village. The phenomenological
approach allows researchers to understand the meaning and social reality that
occurs related to the management of BUMDes, with the main instrument being the
researcher himself. This research was conducted in Pulau Tiga Village, which
has great potential both in terms of natural resources and community support,
making it an ideal location for this research.
The
main sources of data come from observations, in-depth interviews, and
documentation. The research informants involved various parties, including the
community empowerment office, village officials, BUMDes administrators, and
local communities who have knowledge about BUMDes. Data collection techniques
involve participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and analysis of
related documents. The selection of informants is carefully carried out to
ensure the accuracy and relevance of the data.
In the
analysis process, this study uses the qualitative data analysis technique of
the Miles and Huberman model, which includes the stages of data collection,
reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawn. Triangulation is used to verify
the data obtained, focusing on the suitability between the BUMDes development
strategy in the field and existing theories. This research provides in-depth
insight into the management of BUMDes as an effort to improve the village
economy.
A.
Development
Strategy of Village-Owned Enterprises (Bumdes) in Pulau Tiga Village, Pulau
Tiga Barat District, Natuna Regency
Village-Owned Enterprises
(Bumdes) are village business institutions that are fully managed by the
community and the village government. Bumdes was formed as a step to strengthen
the village economy, formed based on the needs and potential of the village.
The Bumdes work system, in addition to managing the potential and assets of the
village, also accommodates community activities and businesses that must be
managed professionally and still refer to the original potential of the
village. The existence of Bumdes is expected to make community businesses more
effective and productive. In addition, the existence of Bumdes is also expected
to contribute to increasing the village's original source of income which
allows the village to carry out development and improve the welfare of the
village community optimally.
Efforts
to manage and develop Bumdes are carried out through various mechanisms,
systems, and organized work structures to achieve goals. In realizing
organizational goals, organizations create programs or activities. The purpose
of the establishment of Bumdes the Head of Pulau Tiga
Village said:
"The purpose of the establishment of Bumdes is to explore and
develop the potential of the village, improve the village economy, manage
village assets, improve community welfare, and generate original village
income" (Interview April 14, 2022 at 10.00 WIB)
Furthermore, the researcher's
interview with the Head of Bumdes Karya Muda Mandiri, Pulau Tiga Village, said
that the purpose of establishing Bumdes is as
follows:
"The
purpose of the establishment of Bumdes as a result of the village deliberations
that have been carried out is to obtain Village Original Income (PADes), and
also to be able to develop the potential that exists in the village, so that
the village is independent, and to create jobs and community entrepreneurship
in an effort to improve the welfare of the village community" (Interview
with the Head of Bumdes on April 16, 2022 at 10.00 WIB)
�����������������������������
According to the results of the researcher's
interview with the Head of Pulau Tiga Village and the Head of Bumdes Karya Muda
Mandiri, Pulau Tiga Village, the purpose of establishing Bumdes is based on
Article 87 paragraph (1) of Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Village-Owned
Enterprises. Improve the welfare of village communities, advance the village
economy, create jobs, increase village potential and resources, increase
village original income. To realize these goals, it must be done with the right
strategies such as careful planning, good management, competent human
resources, and also community participation. So it can be concluded that the
purpose of establishing an independent Bumdes Karya Muda is as follows:
1. Increasing the original income of
Pulau Tiga Village in an effort to improve the ability of the village
government to be able to carry out village governance and services to the
community.
2. Exploring and developing the
economic potential in the village to encourage the development and economic
capabilities of the village community as a whole.
3. Improving the welfare of the
village community through various community efforts
4. Creating independent rural
community economic institutions that are able to provide services to meet
various community needs.
5. Creating jobs, reducing
unemployment by creating entrepreneurial opportunities, increasing togetherness
and a better social life for the community.
6. Providing services for the needs
of productive community businesses, and as a vehicle for learning about
business to increase the income and welfare of the village community.
Bumdes is not only an
organization that only provides services to its members but also how bumdes can
contribute to the village, so that bumdes also run businesses that aim to make
profits from the business they run. In an organization to achieve these goals,
the right program is needed so that the purpose of establishing Bumdes Karya
Muda Mandiri is in accordance with the expected goals. This was conveyed by the
Head of Bumdes in an interview by saying:
"The purpose of the
formation of Bumdes is to increase Village Revenue and the mandate of Law
Number 6 of 2014, namely opportunities from Village Funds, so it is necessary
to plan ahead, namely how to prepare Bumdes programs and efforts to develop and
produce PADes (Interview on April 14, 2022 at 16.00 WIB)
Preparing programs and business
plans is the first step that must be taken by Bumdes management. Regarding the
program or business being discussed by Bumdes, the Head of Bumdes said:
"The programs implemented by
the Pulau Tiga Village BUMDes are clean water services, kiosk rentals, tent
rentals, sales/or marketing of squid crackers and fish crackers. Bumdes also
plans to build a Floating Restaurant that will provide culinary and specialties
and will provide fishing packages. In the future, this Floating Restaurant is
expected to become a new tourist attraction in Pulau Tiga Village" (Interview Results on
April 14, 2022 at 16.00 WIB)
The same thing was also conveyed
by the Head of Pulau Tiga Village regarding the Bumdes program and efforts, the
Village Head in an interview said:
"There are many programs
that have been prepared and are also being planned, namely clean water, rent,
tourism service trade, and also plan to make tour packages and floating
restaurants, marine tourism, home stays targeted for guests from outside who
visit Pulau Tiga Village. Meanwhile, what has been carried out is the sale of
crackers, stall rentals, tent rentals as well" (Interview April
14, 2022 at 10.00 WIB)
Related to the programs and
efforts carried out by Bumdes are programs that are in accordance with the
needs of the community and also the potential in the village. Currently, it has
3 programs that have been run, namely the Water Business Unit, the sale of
squid crackers, and the rental unit. and also discussed several programs that
will be implemented in the future, namely Floating Restaurants, Tourism
Villages, Culinary Tours, Marine Tourism, and Homestays.
Based on the results of the
interview with the Head of BUMDes, the Head of Pulau Tiga Village and the Village Secretary regarding the
programs that have been implemented and are being planned by the BUMDes of Pulau Tiga Village are
as follows:
1. Clean Water
Business Unit
2. Rental Business
Unit
3. Trading Business
Unit
4. Floating
Restaurant (Discourse) 2023
5. Tourism Village
Discourse
6. Culinary
7. Marine tourism
8. Homestay
Based on the results of
interviews and field observations, it is known that the programs that have been
prepared have been implemented and some are still planned. The programs or
efforts that have been implemented by BUMDes Karya Muda Mandiri from the results
of an interview with the Head of BUMDes Pulau Tiga Village said:
"Based on the programs that
have been implemented, namely clean water, tent rental, kiosk rental,
sales/marketing of processed seafood in the form of fish crackers and squid
crackers" (Interview on April 14, 2022 at 16.00 WIB)
Based on what was conveyed by
some of the informants above, it can be seen that Bumdes has prepared programs
and efforts to be implemented. This is one of the efforts made as a form of
Bumdes development strategy. If the program and efforts go well, it will
ultimately contribute income to the village and increase community income. The
program that has been implemented by BUMDes Karya Muda Mandiri is the result of
cooperation between BUMDes management, village officials and community
contributions. With the program that has been implemented, it is hoped that it
will have a great impact on the people of Pulau Tiga Village,
To see this, it is necessary to
know whether the strategy implemented by BUMDes Karya Muda Mandiri is right on
target with the aim of establishing BUMDes.
Based on the previous theory and
framework, to find out and examine more clearly the development strategy of
Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Pulau Tiga Village, Pulau Tiga Barat
District, Natun Regency, there are several indicators used to know the strategy
of BUMDes, according to Koteen
in J. Salusu (2008:104) are as follows:
B. Corporate Strategy
Organizational strategy is a strategy related to the formulation
of the vision, mission, goals and strategic initiatives that are carried out,
which are then outlined in programs and activities The aspects seen from the
organizational strategy are the determination of goals starting from the Vision
and Mission of Bumdes The vision of Bumdes Karya Muda Mandiri Pulau Tiga
Village is to realize Bumdes as an integrated creative economy of the fisheries
area towards a prosperous village,�
independent and cultured. The mission of the independent Bumdes Karya
Muda is 1) developing the potential of the Marine through tourist villages, 2)
improving the village economy, 3) increasing community income and Village PAD,
4) creating jobs for the community.
The purpose of Bumdes in this
study is broadly to improve the welfare of the community and generate original
village income and the parties involved in setting this goal are the village
government and Bumdes administrators without involving the community. The goals
of Bumdes that have been set depart from the vision and mission of Bumdes.
Furthermore, it stipulates 8 (eight) programs that are planned to be
implemented until 2024, namely 1) Clean Water Business Unit, 2) Rental Unit, 3)
Trading Business Unit, 4) Floating Restaurant, 5) Tourism Village Discourse, 6)
Culinary Tourism, 7) Marine Tourism and 8) Homestay. Of all these programs,
currently BUMDES is still running 3 (three) programs , namely clean water business units, squid
cracker sales, and rental business units. Of the three bumdes
programs, it has contributed in the form of Village Original Income (PADes) in 2021 of Rp. 5,387,500,- (five million three
hundred and eighty-seven thousand five hundred rupiah) and in 2022 of Rp.
6,000,000,- (six million rupiah). Meanwhile, the other 5 (five) programs still
cannot be implemented due to limited village budget constraints which are more
focused on BLT DD with the categories of extreme poverty, food security and
stunting handling.
The results of the research conducted by the researcher show that
there is agreement with the theory of Organizational Strategy put forward by
Koteen in J. Salusu (2008):104, that organizational strategy is related to the
goals, values and initiatives of the new strategy and identifies what and for
whom the strategy is carried out. The benchmark of this strategy is to see the
compatibility between the vision and mission of Bumdes and the programs or
activities implemented.
C. Program Strategy
This program strategy pays special attention to the strategic
implications of the program being implemented, namely the existence of a
strategic plan that can provide results and impacts on the program for the
organization and also for the community. What is the impact if a certain
program is implemented or published and what is the impact on Bumdes, namely,
the implications of the program on the organization and the implications of the
program on the community. The results of the research show that the programs
carried out, namely water business units, squid cracker sales, kiosk rentals,
have had a positive impact on the organization which has provided income for
bumdes to meet the needs of clean water for the community because the water
flows for 24 hours as conveyed by the Village Head that the water discharge is
always sufficient to meet the needs of the community, while the kiosk rental
business unit is also still rented to the community and sales Squid crackers
are still running to this day. The three business units have contributed income
for bumdes. Likewise, the results of interviews with the Chairman of Bumdes
Karya Muda Mandiri and the Chairman of BPD that the clean water management
program, rental and sale of squid crackers has an important role in the
development of Bumdes which aims to increase the original income of the village
and support the sustainability of the Bumdes business.
The program run by Bumdes Karya Muda Mandiri has had a positive
impact on Bumdes and the community, although the PADes produced are still
minimal, but the program is still running until now. This is in line with the
Program Strategy according to Koteen in J. Salusu (2008:104) that the program
strategy emphasizes attention to the relationship between the program and the
vision and mission of the organization. The strategic implications of a program
are carried out, ensuring that the impact produced is in accordance with the
direction and goals of the organization. This finding also has similarities
with the research of Etha Listiany Supardi, Gideon Setyo Rudiwijaksomo (2021)
which stated that Bumdes are able to contribute to the village's original
income from each type of business owned. The results of his research show that
the strategy applied can be said to be not fully optimal, but BUMDES is able to
generate the village's original income with its own business units and
businesses that have been run.
D. Resource Support Strategy
Supporting resources can be in
the form of manpower, finance, technology and so on. A resource support
strategy is a strategy that utilizes all available resources within an
institution or organization. These resources include human resources, natural
resources, facilities and infrastructure, and financial resources of an
organization. All of these resources are used to the fullest extent possible to
produce new strategies that are truly complex and can realize the goals of an
agency or organization.
Bumdes Karya Muda Mandiri
Pulau Tiga Village has several supporting resources
that can help the community in their daily needs. In determining supporting
resources, there needs to be a dimension that must be taken to determine how
effective the supporting resources owned by Bumdes
Karya Muda Mandiri are. The dimensions that have been
processed by the researcher are a) Human Resources b) Natural Resources, c)
Facilities and Infrastructure, and d) Finance/Capital.
a.
Human resources
Based on the results of the research, it can be seen that the Bumdes management is still limited both in terms of quality
and quantity, but to improve the performance and ability of the Bumdes management, the resource development strategy
carried out is to provide guidance and trainings to the Bumdes
administrators and also the community, Bumdes
managers are given assistance from the Natuna Regency
PMD Office through District Experts on how to prepare books and make Bumdes financial reports.�
The Village Government has also carried out training for BUMDES
administrators in the form of training on the preparation of BUMDES financial
statements at the end of 2021. For the community, training in processing
fishery products has also been carried out, and household industry training in
collaboration with the fisheries office. The purpose of the training is to
improve the competence and ability of human resources in supporting the
performance of the organization. The expected goal is the creation of an
independent, competitive, prosperous and quality village community (Chikmawati, Z. (2019). The development and improvement of
skills and performance of human resources is important to be carried out but
has not been carried out regularly.
b.
Natural resources
Bumdes Karya Muda Mandiri Pulau Tiga Village in carrying out its programs and businesses.
has made good use of natural resources, namely utilizing nature from
reservoirs, namely clean water management, processing fishery products, namely
squid crackers and fish crackers, there has begun to be an increase which has
an impact on increasing Bumdes income in the Bumdes report has provided PADes
for the village. Based on the results of research, the natural resources in
Pulau Tiga village have been utilized and managed by Bumdes, but they are still not optimal where there are
still untouched natural resources such as tourism potential, waterfalls,
anchovies, petermakan, agriculture has also not been
implemented.
c.
Infrastructure and infrastructure
The facilities owned by the
Bumdes of Pulau Tiga Bumdes Village are recorded as Bumdes inventory are Embung
to accommodate clean water, tents, chairs, tables that can be rented to the
community, 3-door kiosks are rented to the community and traders who are used
as coffee shops, laptops and printers to support the performance of Bumdes
Guards, and the use of packaging presses is to make food more maintained,� neater, more attractive and hygienic.
The results of observations made
by the researcher on these facilities and infrastructure show that the
reservoir is very functional to accommodate clean water, the tent is still in
poor condition, the tables and chairs are still in good condition and there are
some that are not good due to the age factor of the asset but are still
suitable for use. The 3-door kiosk is also useful for being used as a Bumdes
Office, Village Library and Coffee Shop rented by the community. The packaging
press machine is also in good condition and can be used, while laptops and
printers in condition are still suitable to be used to support the performance
of BUMDES management in making reports.
d.
Finance
The financial source of Bumdes Karya
Muda Mandiri comes from capital participation from
the village in 2018 amounting to Rp. 75,000,000,- (seventy-five million
rupiah), after an internal audit the remaining Rp 35,000,000,- (thirty-five
million rupiah) which was then used to run the business in 2021, namely the
sale of squid crackers. After that, there was no more capital participation in bumdes because the village budget was used to overcome the
impact of covid.
The strategy carried out by Bumdes Karya
Muda Mandiri in its financial management focuses on
sustainable programs or businesses and prioritizes improving Bumdes' bookkeeping and financial reports assisted by
village assistance and district experts. In addition, the financial management
of each type of business that is run is recorded separately. For all business
programs that are carried out on an ongoing basis so that the profits obtained
are also in the long term. In the management of financial strategies at Bumdes Karya Muda Mandiri,
several effective strategies have been implemented to improve the performance
of Bumdes in developing Bumdes.
Such as cash flow management in order to monitor cash inflows and cash outflows
to remain stable to be able to meet operational needs and to anticipate
financial risks in the event of various changes.
The strategy
of supporting resources in Bumdes Karya Muda independently can be said that the
strategy of supporting resources has been implemented but is still being
implemented optimally from its four dimensions, namely the Human Resources
dimension Training to Bumdes Management has been carried out but not carried
out periodically where since Bumdes was formed and given capital is not
accompanied by Training to Bumdes teachers from 2018 to 2020. so that it has an
impact on business losses. From the dimension of natural resources, the
utilization of resources has been carried out but has not been managed
optimally by Bumdes. Bumdes only run those that are already running. This means
that other potentials such as plantations, livestock and tourism potential are
still in the planning stage. From the dimensions of the existing facilities and
infrastructure, they have been used in accordance with their functions, but
they need to be maintained, they have not been carried out regularly. The use
of financial resources is still not in accordance with the rules because it is
still found that the village government uses BUMDES funds for other activities.
However, bumdes have generated the village's original income but it has not
been maximized.
E.
Inhibiting Factors
in the Development Strategy of Bumdes Karya Muda Mandiri, Pulau Tiga Village,
Pulau Tiga Barat District, Natuna
Regency
4
Conclusion
��������������
�������������� Based on the results of the research, the
development strategy of BUMDes Karya Muda Mandiri in Pulau Tiga Village universally it is good but it has not run optimally, Especially in terms of public
understanding and program implementation. Human resources, finance,
infrastructure and technology are still not optimal, and institutional
cooperation has not been well established. To optimize the strategy, it is
necessary to increase the capacity and ability of human resources, cooperate
with financial institutions, and socialize to the community. These suggestions
include increasing transparency, innovation, and collaboration with various
parties to strengthen BUMDes and provide greater
benefits for village communities.
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