International Journal of Engineering Business

and Social Science

Vol. 2 No. 01, September-October 2023, pages: 713-722

e-ISSN: 2980-4108, p-ISSN: 2980-4272

https://ijebss.ph/index.php/ijebss

1. Introduction

Village tourism is increasingly flourishing. Not only in terms of the growing number of villages, but also in

the diversification of tourism categories. Some villages focus on beach and marine tourism, natural attractions, cultural

and religious experiences, and even combine multiple tourist attractions in one village. According to the Ministry of

Tourism and Creative Economy (Kemenparekraf), in the Indonesian Village Tourism Awards 2022, there were 3,416

registered village tourism destinations spread across 34 provinces. (Kemenparekraf, n.d.)

creating creative content. Fourth, souvenirs, aimed at exploring the potential for creativity and local wisdom-based

artisanal products. Fifth, public restrooms, to assess efforts in providing facilities for the comfort of tourists. Sixth,

CHSE (Cleanliness, Health, Safety, and Environment Sustainability) compliance, evaluating the implementation of

national standards to ensure cleanliness, health, safety, and environmental sustainability. Lastly, village institution

assessment, which includes evaluating the establishment of legal entities and sustainable management practices

(Schafft, Harmon, Robinson, & Green, 2010).

In accordance with UU RI Nomor 10 Tahun 2009 concerning Tourism, Article 4 states that tourism aims to

promote economic growth, improve the welfare of the people, alleviate poverty, address unemployment, preserve

nature, environment, and resources, advance culture, enhance the nation's image, strengthen national identity and unity,

and foster international friendship. Based on this legal foundation, it is evident that villages can also develop tourism.

(Crowther & Seifi, 2021), sustainable tourism can simultaneously boost a nation's economy, stimulate businesses, and

promote preserving natural resources, social values, and culture for the current generation to benefit future generations.

This chapter uncovers valuable insights gained from an integrated and organized effort to enhance the quality of life

by managing the provision, development, utilization, and preservation of sustainable resources.

One notable example is Desa Burai, located in the Tanjung Batu District, Ogan Ilir Regency. Geographically,

it covers an area of approximately 2.66.09 km², surrounded by rivers and extensive marshlands spanning about 11,000

hectares. This geographical setting makes the village relatively isolated and not easily accessible. Pertamina EP

Prabumulih Field recognized the unique potential of this location for both the local community and the Ogan Ilir

Regency government, leading to their decision to conduct TJSL activities in the area. Desa Burai is abundant in natural

resources, cultural assets (such as the traditional dance "tari bu umi"), local crafts (songket), and culinary delights like

commitment to transform Desa Burai into a thriving village tourism destination. The achievement of this goal does not

rest solely on Pertamina EP Prabumulih or the Ogan Ilir Regency Government (Sari & Sitorus, 2021). The active

involvement of the Desa Burai Government and other community-driven actors is key to building and developing the

local Natural Resources (SDA) and Human Resources (SDM). Their participation plays a crucial role in ensuring the

success of this initiative.

Before developing the Natural Resources (SDA) and Human Resources (SDM) of Desa Burai, the first step

taken by the Ogan Ilir Regency Government and Pertamina EP Prabumulih in 2018 was to construct road infrastructure

connecting Desa Burai to surrounding areas. This road provided Desa Burai with access to the outside world and

indirectly opened opportunities for outsiders to visit the village. Additionally, the newly accessible land route

significantly reduced travel time for the local community to reach Palembang or other major cities. Before the road

products in tourism areas. However, PEP Prabumulih and the Desa Burai government responded proactively by

initiating collaborations with universities in the South Sumatra region to open opportunities for internships,

benchmarking studies, practical work, or community service programs in Desa Burai. These initiatives aimed to

revitalize tourism in the village. The partnerships with universities also align with Prabumulih Field's strategic plan

for 2018-2022 (Marshesa & Yulianda, 2021).

IJEBSS Vol. 2 No. 01, September-October 2023, pages: 713-722

In addition to Burai, Pertamina Asset 2 Prabumulih recognizes the tremendous potential in Desa Lembak,

located in Kecamatan Lembak, Kabupaten Muara Enim, South Sumatra Province. During the Covid-19 pandemic, a

plywood factory in Desa Lembak underwent layoffs, resulting in 100 factory workers losing their jobs. However,

amidst these challenges, Desa Lembak possesses a hidden gem waiting to be polished. The natural Shuji Lake and

historical relics from the Japanese colonial era add to the village's allure. The lake, nestled amidst rubber plantations,

offers mesmerizing natural beauty, and there are various potentials for development, such as the culinary craft of

kerupuk kelempang. The name "Shuji" was derived from its historical significance as the shared kitchen for the

Japanese forces during the Independence War, located only 1 km from the former Japanese airport.

The blend of history and natural beauty creates the appeal of Shuji Lake as a tourist destination. In response

to this potential, Pertamina Prabumulih Field collaborated with the Desa Lembak government, local heroes, and 40

(Lembak Shuji Village Tourism).

Meanwhile, in Prabumulih City, a different challenge arises with the issue of waste management. Each year,

34,097.21 tons of waste are generated in Prabumulih City, with 67% or approximately 22,701 tons remaining

unprocessed or burned. The Prabumulih City Landfill is estimated to exceed its capacity by 2023. Moreover, waste

pollution is prevalent, including air pollution from burning waste and water pollution from waste disposal into rivers.

The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has also hindered the Integrated Waste Management Movement due to activity

restrictions during PPKM (Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities). Despite these challenges, there are

opportunities in urban farming with 5.25 hectares of fertile land in Kelurahan Majasari, as well as facilities for

inorganic waste processing in Kelurahan Sungai Medang. The programs include the Inorganic Waste Processing

Program (PAK DALANG) and the Organic Waste Processing Program (SARAH), aiming to recycle plastic waste and

660/194/DLH/2019, concerning the Reduction of Plastic Bag Usage. One of the points of this policy is to involve all

business implementers in Prabumulih City to take action and contribute to reducing waste generation by 20% in 2019.

PT Pertamina EP Prabumulih Field, as a business entity, has been contributing to waste reduction in Prabumulih City

since 2018 through the CSR Program "Sampah Jadi Berkah" (SARAH) and "Pak Dalang" (Recycling Program). These

programs have been implemented in three pilot areas, namely Kelurahan Muntang Tapus, Kelurahan Majasari, and

Kelurahan Sungai Medang, with the hope of replication in other areas. Lauesen (2021) mentions that waste from

Prabumulih is hazardous to the ecosystem and humans and has been a long-standing issue. Solutions cannot be singular

due to their varying complexities. It is evident that Prabumulih significantly impacts our lives; hence corporate social

responsibility (CSR) initiatives must have a significant effect.

Managing organic and inorganic waste becomes economically valuable products. Furthermore, the

2. Materials and Methods

This research utilizes qualitative research methodology with a descriptive analysis approach. According to

Cresswell (2016), qualitative research is a method used to describe, explore, and understand the meanings attributed

by a group of individuals to social or human issues. In this context, the "Program Burai Desa Wisata" (Bu Dewi) has

into a "Desa Warna-Warni" (Colorful Village). This concept was inspired by existing village tourism in Java, as it was

believed to attract the attention of local tourists. Furthermore, there was no "Desa Warna-Warni" concept in South

Sumatra at that time. To support this idea, PEP Prabumulih provided 180 cans of paint to the village government for

painting activities in 327 locations, including houses, public roads, public facilities, the village office, and others. The

painting activities at these 327 locations were carried out collectively through community participation, involving all

elements of Desa Burai, including the village government (Nassaji, 2015).

During the same year, PEP Prabumulih Field also revitalized a multipurpose building or meeting hall. This

project aimed to ensure that all residents of Desa Burai could conduct meetings comfortably and adequately, whether

it was community gatherings or meetings with government stakeholders. Additionally, PEP Prabumulih Field

constructed two bridges leading to Sungai Kelekar, a picturesque and Instagrammable spot for photos during the rainy

government, and the local community. Implementing these programs has positively impacted both the environment

and socio-economic aspects of Desa Burai. The research findings have also emphasized the importance of

sustainability and self-reliance for the future success of these village tourism programs.

In 2019, PEP Prabumulih provided tourism-supporting facilities, including eight huts, one gallery, and one

stall. These facilities, such as huts, aim to offer a leisurely resting spot for tourists to enjoy the panoramic view of

Kelekar River. Additionally, the establishment of the gallery and stall aimed to centralize the sale of local tourism

products produced by the community of Burai Village. In conjunction with constructing huts, galleries, and stalls, PEP

Prabumulih also facilitated ten packages of floats and tires for river exploration activities. These floats and tires were

intended to be managed by the Burai Indah Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS) and offered for rent to tourists.

In 2020, two additional huts were constructed in Burai Village, bringing the total number of huts built by PEP

Burai Village. The park was designed to become a unique and attractive tourist photo spot. Over four years, PEP

Prabumulih successfully erected various facilities and infrastructure to support the activities of Burai Wisata Village.

Consequently, by 2022, PEP Prabumulih concluded its development and provision of facilities, as Burai Wisata Village

has achieved self-sufficiency. This significant achievement exemplifies the program's capacity to foster independence

and sustainability, resulting in a promising tourism destination equipped with adequate amenities for visitors (Creswell

& Creswell, 2017).

The formation of groups was tailored to suit the respective activities of the Bu Dewi program, specifically

related to the development of tourism products, such as purun crafts, songket crafts, and fish-based culinary creations.

In 2018, the Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) was established as the managing entity responsible for the

development of Burai Wisata Village. Subsequently, in 2019, the Purun Warna-warni Group (Purwani) and the

including purun craft training, fish-based culinary product training, songket craft training, and tourism village

management training. In 2019, PEP Prabumulih collaborated with the Tajung Atap Village Cooperative as an instructor

to provide fundamental understanding and training in crafting purun-based products. The training encompassed the

required materials, the process of crafting, and the essential considerations throughout the production. At the onset of

the training, the 16 members of the Purwani Group were divided into three segments: the first group of five members

IJEBSS Vol. 2 No. 01, September-October 2023, pages: 713-722

to the weaving process of purun; and the third group of six members was tasked with creating patterns and finalizing

the products (Creswell, W. John & Creswell, 2018).

The Purwani Group created various purun crafts such as bags, sandals, wallets, tissue holders, and others from

the training process. The training, which spanned seven days, took place in Tanjung Atap Village, Tanjung Batu

Subdistrict, Ogan Ilir Regency. To enhance the knowledge and skills of the Purwani Group, in 2019, PEP Prabumulih

conducted a benchmarking activity with the Serasi Group (a PT Pertamina EP Asset 1 Pangkalan Susu Field affiliate)

located in Lubuk Kertang Village, Brandan Subdistrict, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The benchmarking activity,

conducted for approximately five days, focused on two main aspects: first, training on crafting products that had not

been produced previously by the Purwani Group, and second, improving product quality control to ensure that the

purun craft products of the Purwani Group met sales standards. As a result of these activities, four Purwani Group

fish meat, skin, and bones enabled the group to recover or double their initial investment, as all of the fish could be

utilized. Environmentally, this approach turned the activity into a zero-waste endeavor. After imparting the knowledge

about the benefits and advantages, the initial process of meat, fish bone, and skin processing was explained, from

selecting the raw materials to practical processing methods. Given that the Burai Village community is already engaged

in producing fish-based crackers, kerupuk, and other fish-based creations, the training process did not require an

extensive period and was successfully conducted within two days.

Another training initiative focused on developing songket motifs as a distinctive textile of South Sumatra. In

2019, PEP Prabumulih provided training on developing songket motifs to the Songket Burai Group. The training aimed

to create a unique songket motif that would represent the identity of Burai Village. Collaborating with one of the

seasoned songket craftsmen in Burai Village, Ibu Rumia, PEP Prabumulih Field conducted the training. The resulting

The subsequent training revolved around the creation of Group Product Packaging. At the beginning of 2020,

PEP Prabumulih provided training on producing packaging for group products, covering aspects from designing

packaging labels to actual packaging. This training aimed to equip the community and partner groups with the

knowledge of proper and marketable product packaging for consumers.

Besides enhancing the capacity of the community groups, Pertamina PEP also extended support by providing

equipment in April and August 2019. The equipment included three sewing machines and ten materials for crafting

purun products, such as 60 sheets of EVA rubber, 100 zipper packs, 35 meters of synthetic leather, two sewing thread

packs, five scissors, 15 basic materials, 20 needle packs, three pledge, 20 rice papers, two cutters, and more. The

equipment given in April and May 2019, supplied by PT Pertamina EP Asset 2 Prabumulih Field, aimed to support the

activities of processing fish meat, bones, and skin, including 1 Fish Grinding Machine, 2 Spinners, 1 Fish Crackers

Regarding fish product diversification and innovation, the Fish Processing Group (KOI) Burai developed

three market-ready products made from fish: fish bone crackers, fish bone chips, and fish skin chips. These products

have become essential souvenirs for visitors to Burai Village. However, the mass production of fish skin and chips has

not yet been implemented due to the high demand for fish bones to make bone crackers.

Moreover, from the songket motif development training, the Songket Burai Group (SORAI) crafted a

distinctive motif known as the belida fish motif songket. This motif has become the iconic representation of Burai

Village and serves as a sought-after souvenir for tourists interested in purchasing traditional Burai Village songket.

Moving on to the Mbak Dewi Shuji program, several stages need to be navigated. The program commenced

in 2020 and is expected to achieve self-sufficiency by 2024, following four years of guidance. The strategic plan spans

five years and encompasses a one-year work plan involving and considering the interests and needs of relevant

stakeholders.

To enhance the skills of Shuji Village's tourism managers, training is necessary for Pokdarwis Danau Shuji

members who may lack the proficiency in managing tourism operations. Additionally, the range of offered tourism

activities is limited, and there is a lack of distinctive local products. Hence, Pokdarwis Danau Shuji receives training

The program also showcases innovation in the Pesat Program (Integrated Waste Management). The SARAH

Program (Waste into Blessings) serves as a pilot project for an integrated program in Prabumulih City, combining

efforts to preserve the environment, achieve food security, and implement health protocol media in daily life. The

SARAH Program is a series of integrated waste management activities conducted by PEP Prabumulih Field in

collaboration with INAgri (Indonesian Agroecotechnology Institute) and PDU (Recycling Center) of Prabumulih City.

This program manages waste from its source to its disposal, encompassing collection, processing, marketing, and

development. Organic waste is converted into compost with the assistance of INAgri and the community in Majasari

Village, while inorganic waste is recycled and sold with the help of PDU of Prabumulih City and the community in

Sungai Medang Village. Furthermore, the SARAH Garden/urban farming, cultivating various vegetable and medicinal

plants, is managed by the SARAH Group in Muntang Tapus Village. Program development continues through

applies in their daily lives. First, the group introduced the concept of delivering vegetables and fruits directly to people's

homes, an extension of the Sunday Market activity that previously took place conventionally but has now innovatively

shifted to an online platform. The aim is to enable the public to consume fresh produce without causing crowds at the

SARAH Garden.

Second, a COVID-19 response competition is being organized in Majasari Village. Third, the group is

exploring innovative ways to produce soap from used cooking oil in Majasari Village. These activities are expected to

synergize and contribute to the preventive efforts in combating the spread of COVID-19, particularly in Prabumulih

City. The SARAH Program emerged from concerns about waste, especially in Prabumulih City. Starting small, the

program was initiated with great aspirations. It involved 100 Residential Company Complexes (RDP) in Muntang

Tapus Village. Through numerous socialization efforts, households have started independently separating organic and

has distinctive characteristics compared to regular compost. It is made by mixing Trichoderma fungi, which actively

suppress harmful fungi or pests, especially on rubber trees. This compost is designed explicitly for rubber trees, a

popular commodity in Prabumulih.

Approximately 1,600 kg of waste is received every month, and after deducting the organic waste residue,

which accounts for around 25%, the total remaining organic waste amounts to 1,200 kg per month. Subsequently, the

IJEBSS Vol. 2 No. 01, September-October 2023, pages: 713-722

average of 300 kg of compost each month. Using this compost, the SARAH Program has saved approximately 1,000

m2 of land in the SARAH Garden and 3 Ha of rubber plantations from exposure to hazardous chemical fertilizers. In

the Muntang Tapus Village, the SARAH Program has planted various organic vegetables and fruits, such as lettuce,

cabbage, Chinese cabbage, spring onions, pandan leaves, lychees, ginger, and others. In addition to planting in soil,

the group implements a hydroponic planting system, maximizing crop yields with the available land. As for marketing,

the group has successfully implemented an innovative approach known as the "Sunday Market." During the Sunday

Market event, buyers visit the SARAH Garden to personally select the vegetables they wish to purchase, similar to

agro-tourism. This approach has proven effective in attracting attention to the program, as such opportunities are rare

in other areas. Apart from shopping, this innovation also serves as a form of tourism and education for the community,

providing insights into urban farming practices they can apply in their homes.

In the Majasari area, many tofu factories produce a significant amount of waste. The SARAH Program saw

potential in reutilizing this waste, such as using it as animal feed or for making tempe gembus. With the SARAH

Program's efforts, tofu dregs are now processed into various snack products, including Ampas Tahu Majasari Crackers

(OKTARI), soy flour, brownies, and nata de Soya drinks. In addition to tofu dregs, the program has also initiated the

production of a popular probiotic drink, in high demand during the COVID-19 pandemic due to its immune-boosting

properties. This probiotic drink is made from pineapple peels.

The SARAH Program has provided a space for families and children to gather and play in the SARAH

Garden, creating a sense of community and regenerating bonds among the community members. By focusing on

andemic activities, the SARAH Program goes beyond mere economic objectives, demonstrating its commitment to the

well-being of future generations. Through the SARAH WoW initiative, the program offers monthly training sessions,

Additionally, the program has initiated the production of a popular probiotic drink that experienced high demand during

the COVID-19 pandemic, which is believed to enhance immunity. This probiotic drink is made from pineapple peels.

Di Kelurahan Majasari, the SARAH Program has successfully created herbal soaps using waste cooking oil

(minyak jelantah). Previously, waste cooking oil was poorly managed, and most residents disposed of it directly into

water channels. However, through the "sedekah minyak jelantah" (donating used cooking oil) scheme, waste cooking

oil is not discarded in vain but processed into beneficial herbal soaps for the community's sanitation needs. The soap's

extraction process includes various natural ingredients such as kaffir lime leaves, lemongrass, coffee grounds, pandan

leaves, betel leaves, and orange peels, which add pleasant aromas to the soap. The Kelompok SARAH has successfully

sold these herbal soap products in different packaging sizes, catering to various orders. Most of the orders are for

wedding souvenirs. To create appealing souvenirs, the group innovates and crafts the soaps in attractive shapes,

promoting waste management, environmental sustainability, and community economic empowerment in the Majasari

area. By transforming waste materials into valuable products, both programs have contributed to environmental

preservation and improved the livelihoods of the local community members.

various indicators. Regarding the environment, approximately 270 kg/month of domestic waste from fish bones and

skins has been processed. This figure shows emissions from fish bone and skin waste amount to 1.8 tons CO²eq/year.

The program has also reduced the potential for 44.2% of land fires and has maintained the ecosystem within the Kelekar

River.

The total beneficiaries of this program are 116 people, comprising 33 members of the Tourism Awareness

Group (Pokdarwis), 17 members of the Fish Processing Group (KOI), 16 members of the Colorful Purun Group

(Purwani), and 50 members of the Burai Songket Group. The "Bu Dewi" program has successfully provided

employment and improved the livelihood of 83 people, or 4.2%. The satisfaction index of the program's beneficiaries

is rated A, indicating a good category. Moreover, the Social Return on Investment (SROI) stands at 1.72, greater than

1, signifying a positive social impact.

based program. This approach calculates social programs or CSR as social investments, enabling the estimation of the

social impact experienced by program beneficiaries within a specific timeframe. In simple terms, SROI compares the

Value of Program Benefits to the Value of Program Investment, resulting in the SROI ratio. The CSR fund disbursed

by PT Pertamina EP Asset 2 Prabumulih Field from 2018 to 2022 amounted to Rp. 1,037,856,130.

The "Mbak Dewi Shuji" program has seen significant progress on the economic front. Shuji Lake tourism has

attracted approximately 1,200 visitors, generating revenues from vehicle parking services, water tourism, and cottage

rentals amounting to Rp. 40 million. Additionally, souvenir and culinary sales (such as Lembak's kerupuk kelempang

and pindang) contribute around Rp. 8 million per month.

The "Mbak Dewi Shuji" program has improved the livelihood of 60 unemployed individuals in Lembak

Village, with four members of the tourism awareness group earning the minimum regional wage of Muara Enim

value-added waste products.

The economic benefits of the program are evident, with SARAH generating Rp. 20.1 million per month and

PAK DALANG generating Rp. 34 million per month. Nine products, such as trichocompost, SARAH compost,

IJEBSS Vol. 2 No. 01, September-October 2023, pages: 713-722

application. Overall, the Pesat program (SARAH and PAK DALANG) has established a new economic chain for the

groups involved, benefiting 79 members of SARAH and PAK DALANG, as well as leading to the replication of the

model by groups such as Wanita Tani Mekarsari Kalipucak Majasari (MKM) and Cempaka.

The SARAH and PAK DALANG groups have learned to use and develop their assets and resources

effectively through various training programs. PAK DALANG members can now utilize equipment such as tanks and

washing machines, dryers, and presses to create marketable products. Similarly, SARAH offers a centralized

composting facility, an educational garden, seedling houses, waste shelters, agricultural equipment, plant seedlings,

and harvested produce for practical utilization.

The results of the SROI (Social Return on Investment) calculations for PAK DALANG show a value of 4.98,

derived from the NPV of benefits of Rp. 1,135,859,045 and NPV of investment of Rp. 228,300,000. Meanwhile, the

of the farming groups, will inevitably lead to self-sufficiency. As a result, the SARAH and PAK DALANG programs

will continue to benefit the community extensively and become sustainable initiatives with far-reaching benefits for

society as a whole.